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The Black Prince Considers Peace
Before the battle, the Cardinal of Périgord attempted one final time to prevent bloodshed between the English and French armies. He approached the Black...
Efforts of the Cardinal of Périgord for Peace
As the French army prepared for battle, strict orders were given to ensure discipline and readiness. Every soldier under the king’s banner was commanded...
The English Forces Are Spotted
After sending scouts forward, the French king awaited their return eagerly. When the three knights came back, he asked for news of the enemy....
Introduction Focus of Old Histories
In many old historical writings, the progress of ordinary people was not seen as very important. Historians of past ages often paid more attention...
Problems with Too Many Subdivisions in History
In many historical works, the structure of the narrative is very important. A clear and continuous structure helps the reader stay interested and understand...
The Problem with Traditional History Writing
Many historical essays focus mainly on kings, heroes, and great events, but they often forget the daily life of ordinary people. This section of...
Intercessory Prayer to Mary
The icon clearly functions as an intercessory image, in which the viewer prays to the Virgin Mary to intercede with Christ on behalf of...
Floral Decorations and Inscriptions
The lower edge of the icon is decorated with a garland of flowers, including roses, tulips, and violets with green leaves. These floral motifs...
The Icon’s Main Figures
The icon shows the Virgin Mary and the Christ Child at its center. Mary is dressed in a green undergarment covered with a bright...
The Church of St John in Philadelphia
The church that has been named after St John in ancient Philadelphia (modern Alaşehir) was an important Byzantine building. It was rectangular in shape...
